Link: Vol3-1Art2 – One Health Mycology

Autores: MELO, ARYSE MARTINS ; MUNHOZ, L. S. ; POESTER, V. R. ; VIEU, S. ; ARNE, P. ; GUILLOT, J. ; XAVIER, M. O. .

Periódico: One Health Mycology

Resumo: Mycoses represent a significant threat to avian health, with potential implications at the human-animal-environment interface. Birds have a unique susceptibility to mycoses due to distinctive anatomical, physiological, and immunological traits, particularly within the respiratory system, which favour fungal colonization and subsequent infection. This article provides a comprehensive overview of avian mycoses, encompassing predisposing host factors, major deep and superficial fungal infections, diagnostic approaches, treatment challenges, and preventive strategies. Aspergillosis remains the most prevalent and clinically relevant mycosis in birds, affecting poultry, captive wildlife, and free-ranging species, while other fungal diseases, including candidiasis, macrorhabdosis, cryptococcosis, hyalo- or phaeo-hyphomycoses are reported less frequently but may cause severe disease under specific conditions. In addition to their role as susceptible hosts, birds can act as reservoirs and long-distance disseminators of pathogenic fungi, including azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates, Cryptococcus yeasts, and emerging pathogens such as Candida (Candidozyma) auris. Migratory behaviour, environmental contamination via droppings, and climate-driven ecological changes further amplify the relevance of avian mycoses within a One Health framework.

Palavras-chave: Avian mycoses; One Health Wildlife diseases; Antifungal resistance; Migratory birds; Climate change; Environmental health.